Abathwali beCatalyst zizinto eziphambili eziyimfuneko ekuphenduleni kweekhemikhali. Umsebenzi wabo oyintloko kukubonelela ngenkxaso, ukusasazwa kunye nokuzinzisa amacandelo asebenzayo, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-catalytic kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yee-catalysts. Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwamashishini afana neekhemikhali, ukukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, kunye namandla, imfuno yabathwali be-catalyst iyaqhubeka nokukhula, kwaye ukukhethwa kwezinto kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kunye noqoqosho. Okwangoku, ezona zinto zithwala i-catalyst kwimarike ikakhulu zibandakanya iioksidi zetsimbi, ikhabhoni esebenzayo, iisefu zeemolekyuli, kunye nezinto ezintsha ezidibeneyo.
I-Metal oxides yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukuthwala i-catalyst, kwaye eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-alumina (Al₂O₃), i-silica (SiO₂), i-titanium dioxide (TiO₂) kunye ne-zirconium oxide (ZrO₂). Phakathi kwazo, i-alumina iye yaba sisithwala esikhethwayo kwintsimi yepetrochemical ngenxa yommandla wayo ophakamileyo ophezulu, uzinzo oluhle kakhulu lwe-thermal kunye nokungangeni kweekhemikhali. I-silica isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-catalysis yokukhusela indalo kunye neekhemikhali ezintle ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esihle se-pore kunye nomsebenzi ongaphezulu. I-Titanium dioxide kunye ne-zirconium oxide zisebenza kakuhle kwimimandla ye-photocatalysis kunye ne-high{3}}catalysis yobushushu, ngakumbi kuguqulo lwamandla elanga kunye nokucocwa kombhobho wemoto. Banamandla amakhulu.
Ikhabhoni evunyiweyo yimathiriyeli yekhabhoni enemingxuma enomphezulu ophezulu kakhulu wendawo ethile kunye nomthamo we-adsorption, kwaye isoloko isetyenziselwa ukufakwa kwegesi kunye nolwelo{0}}inqanaba lokuphendula. Ukuhlaziywa kwayo kunye neendleko eziphantsi zenza ukuba zidume kwiinkalo zokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nokunyangwa kwamanzi. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-carbon activated activated (efana nokulayishwa kwesinyithi okanye i-heteroatom doping) iye yaphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kwayo kwe-catalytic, kwaye isebenze ngokugqwesileyo ekuthotyweni kwe-volatile organic compounds (VOCs) kunye nokunyangwa kwamanzi amdaka.
I-molecular sieve yimpahla ye-silicate enesakhiwo esiqhelekileyo se-microporous. Ubume bayo obukhethekileyo be-pore buyenza ukuba ikwazi ukukhetha kunye nokwenza iimolekyuli ezithile. I-ZSM - 5, i-Y-uhlobo lwe-molecular sieve, njl. zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-petroleum refining kunye nokuveliswa kweekhemikhali, ngokukodwa kwi-isomerization, i-cracking kunye ne-alkylation reactions.
Ukongeza, ngokuhambela phambili kwenzululwazi yemathiriyeli, imathiriyeli entsha edityanisiweyo (efana nekhabhoni nanotubes, igraphene-i-oxide yentsimbi elayishiweyo) ngokuthe ngcembe iye yaba yindawo yophando. Ezi mathiriyeli zine-conductivity ephezulu, amandla aphezulu kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo kwe-catalytic, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba kuphunyezwe impumelelo kwiiseli zamafutha, ugcino lwamandla kunye{2}}nemizi mveliso yeekhemikhali ephezulu.
Kwixesha elizayo, njengoko imfuno yekhemistri eluhlaza kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo lukhula, izinto zecatalyst carriers ziya kuhlukahluka kakhulu, kwaye ukusebenza okuphezulu -kuphezulu, ixabiso eliphantsi{1}} kunye nezixhobo ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo ziya kuba yingqwalasela yophando kunye nophuhliso, ukubonelela ngenkxaso eqinile kuphuculo lwetekhnoloji kumashishini ahlukeneyo.
